Familias de insectos asociadas al maíz en sistemas de monocultivo y milpa en Yucatán, México
Palabras clave:
agroecosistemas, diversidad, entomofauna, estructura de comunidadesResumen
El maíz (Zea mays L.) es el cultivo con mayor superficie en Yucatán, México, establecido tanto en monocultivo como en milpa. Este estudio evaluó la riqueza, diversidad y dominancia de familias de insectos en ambos sistemas productivos mediante muestreos con red entomológica realizados de mayo a agosto de 2024. Se caracterizó la estructura y composición de las comunidades y se calcularon índices de riqueza (q0), diversidad de Shannon (q1) y diversidad basada en el índice de Simpson inverso (q2 = 1/D). Se registraron 119 familias: 95 en milpa y 89 en monocultivo (7,012 individuos en total). Aunque las curvas de rarefacción e interpolación/extrapolación no mostraron diferencias significativas, se observaron tendencias hacia mayor riqueza (q0) y mayor equidad (q2) en la milpa, lo que sugiere menor dominancia de unas pocas familias. La diversidad de Shannon (q1) fue similar entre sistemas. Estos patrones indican que la comunidad de insectos podría responder al tipo de manejo agrícola.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Diana Laura Méndez-Flota, Esaú Ruiz-Sanchez, Franklin H. Rocha, Alejandra González-Moreno, Carolina Flota-Bañuelos; Luis Latournerie-Moreno; Luis Filipe da Conceição dos Santos, Kevin Gerardo Cambero-Nava
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