SÍNTESIS DE ÓXIDO DE ZINC NANOESTRUCURADO Y SU EFECTO EN LA GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE MAÍZ (Zea mays)
Palabras clave:
Óxido de zinc nanoestructurado, microondas, germinación de semillas, maízResumen
El óxido de zinc (ZnO) es un óxido metálico amigable con el ambiente; puede sintetizarse por diversos métodos, entre los cuales destaca el calentamiento asistido por microondas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue sintetizar y caracterizar las nanoestructuras de ZnO por el método de calentamiento asistido por microondas y aplicarlas en la germinación de maíz. Luego de comparar dos concentraciones de NaOH y dos tiempos de reacción, se encontró que la cinética de reacción de ZnO depende de la concentración de NaOH y del tiempo de reacción. Se obtuvo una banda prohibida entre 3.01 y 3.13 eV. La morfología fue de hexágonos prismáticos y los tamaños de ZnO tuvieron una fuerte dependencia del tiempo de reacción. En el proceso de germinación de semillas, se observó una mejoría en los parámetros estudiados con referencia a la muestra control: longitud de raíz, longitud de coleóptilo, diámetro de coleóptilo e índice de vigor, así como presencia considerable de pelos radiculares sin modificar la composición química de las semillas. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo aporta información importante en el proceso de síntesis de nanoestructuras de ZnO y su aplicación en la germinación de semillas para evitar el uso de agentes químicos tóxicos.
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